The dual nature of light refers to its ability to exhibit both wave-like and particle-like characteristics. This concept emerged from experimental observations and theoretical developments in the field of physics, particularly in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The wave nature of light was initially established through experiments demonstrating interference, diffraction, and polarization—phenomena consistent with wave behavior. These observations led to the development of the wave theory of light, pioneered by scientists like Thomas Young and Augustin-Jean Fresnel. However, the particle nature of light, proposed by Albert Einstein in 1905, gained support through his explanation of the photoelectric effect, where light behaves as discrete packets of energy called “photons.”