The First Law of Thermodynamics, also known as the Law of Energy Conservation, states that energy cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system; it can only change forms or be transferred between the system and its surroundings. Mathematically, it is expressed as
ΔU=Q−W, where ΔU is the change in internal energy,Q is the heat added to the system, and W is the work done by the system. This law embodies the principle of conservation of energy, providing a foundational understanding of energy transfer and transformation within physical systems. It is fundamental in various scientific and engineering applications, guiding the analysis of energy interactions in processes such as heat engines and chemical reactions.