Ecological balance refers to a stable and self-regulating state where organisms and their environment coexist in harmony. It ensures that species populations remain controlled and resources are used efficiently. Balanced ecosystems are resilient and can recover from natural disturbances like floods or seasonal changes.
Disruptions to ecological balance—often caused by human activities—can lead to deforestation, species extinction, climate change, and ecosystem collapse.
Key Factors Affecting Ecological Balance:
- Predator–prey relationships
- Availability of natural resources
- Climate and weather conditions
- Human activities such as pollution and deforestation
Examples:
- Balanced coral reefs supporting marine biodiversity
- Natural forests regulating carbon dioxide and oxygen levels
