Exponential decay describes a process in which a quantity decreases over time or with each successive event in a manner proportional to its current value. The rate of decay is constant, resulting in a decreasing exponential function. In practical terms, this means that as time progresses or events occur, the quantity diminishes rapidly.
A classic example of exponential decay is the radioactive decay of isotopes. As time elapses, the number of radioactive atoms decreases exponentially.
In broader contexts, exponential decay is relevant in areas such as finance (e.g., compound interest), physics (e.g., decay of unstable particles), and environmental science (e.g., pollutant degradation). Understanding exponential decay aids in predicting future values and assessing the longevity or stability of a process or substance.
