Fraunhofer diffraction refers to the pattern of diffracted light observed when a coherent light source, such as a laser, encounters an aperture and produces a diffraction pattern in the far field. Named after the German physicist Joseph von Fraunhofer, this phenomenon occurs under the conditions of parallel light rays and a distant observation point. The diffracted pattern consists of a series of bright and dark fringes, known as diffraction maxima and minima, respectively. Fraunhofer diffraction is widely used in optics and engineering to analyze the wave nature of light, study the structure of objects, and design optical systems, such as telescopes and cameras, where precise control of light patterns is essential for imaging.